Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is the predominant cause of hyponatremia but the available treatment options are unsatisfying and often of little efficiency. The selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin promotes osmotic diuresis due to glucosuria and might be a novel treatment option for SIADH.Material and methods: From September 2016 through December 2018 we randomly assigned 88...

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with important neonatal risks and a higher incidence of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborns and fetal macrosomia. The aim of our work was to define a third-trimester HbA1c cut-off point for increased risk of fetal morbidity, macrosomia and LGA newborns.Methodology: Observational retrospective study of all singleton pregnant women with GDM, followed at our Diabetes and Pregnancy Clinic b...

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are mostly benign lesions originating from the anterior pituitary and represent 10–15% of all the intracranial neoplasms. PitNETs can be classified in non-secretory, clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), and secretory, comprising prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH) and adrenocoticotropic hormone (ACTH) PitNETs. Surgical resection is the first line treatment for PitNETs, whereas chemotherapy and radiotherapy are p...

During the menstrual cycle, selection of the dominant follicle is characterized by changes of gonadotropin and steroid hormone receptor expression. We aim to evaluate whether co-existing follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) form heterodimers, suggesting their role in ovarian follicle selection. FSHR-GPER dimerization was evaluated in transfected HEK293 cells in vitro by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (B...

Sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) is a lysosphingolipid present in the ovarian follicular fluid at the nanomolar concentration. The physiological functions of S1P are mediated through five specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), known as S1PR1-5. S1PR1 and S1PR3 are expressed in human primary granulosa lutein cells (hGLC), as well as in the immortalized human primary granulosa cell line hGL5. S1PRs are activated at nanomolar concentrations inducing specific activation or inh...

Introduction: Abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM) is the most common extra-pulmonary comorbidity in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) and has a high negative impact on the underlying disease. Elevated postprandial glucose level is usually the first manifestation, which is traditionally detected by 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The aim of this study was to evaluate glycemic pattern during continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in patients with impaired glucose metabolis...

Introduction: Bariatric surgery (BS) has emerged as the most effective treatment for severe obesity, but weight regain after surgery is an important issue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different surgical techniques on long-term dynamic weight loss pattern.Materials and methods: We retrospectively included 444 patients with BMI > 35 kg/m2 who underwent different BS techniques: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG; n: 80), ...

Inflammation is hypothesized to play an important role in several diseases associated to the female genital tract and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) has shown immunomodulatory protective effects in experimental models of chronic inflammation. In the present study we aimed to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory effects of DHT in a model of smooth muscle cells (hSMCs) isolated from human vagina biopsies and their potential role as APCs (Antigen Presenting Cells), crucial for the...

Introduction: Lenvatinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) used for treatment of progressive, clinically significant or symptomatic disease in patients with iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).Objective: To describe our clinical experience with lenvatinib in patients with iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.Methods: Restrospective cohort study of patients with iodine-refractory differentiated ...

Introduction: Hypoaldosteronism (HA), a cause of hypovolemic hyponatremia (HN) with urinary(U) sodium(Na) loss, is often underdiagnosed. We studied 28 patients with an episode of HA-induced moderate/severe hyponatremia.Methods: Retrospective 2012–2015. In all patients, Nadir(N) serum(S) Na <130 mmol/l (corrected for total proteins and glycemia), low internal yugular venous pressure, low ocular pressure. Addison’s Disease ruled (ACTH, cortis...